Horseshoe Bats (Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae) in the south-western Crimea and problems of their protection

Turbanov I.S.,  Ivanitsky A.N.

P. 39-47

Largely based on original data, the distribution and abundance of Rhinolophidae in south-western Crimea are updated and summarized, with only two species involved — Rhinolophus hipposideros and R. ferrumequinum. Their colonies, both wintering and maternity, have been found. Several breeding colonies of R. ferrumequinum have been recorded for the first time at and near Sevastopol. A total of 24 and 32 shelters and roosts of R. hipposideros and R. ferrumequinum have been registered in the study region, respectively. The main factors affecting Horseshoe bat occurrences and conservation in south-western Crimea are outlined as well.DOI: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.17.1.04

• Abelintsev V.I., Pidoplichko I.G. & Popov B.M. 1956. [Order Chiroptera, or bats – Chiroptera]. Bilanovskiy I.D. et al. (eds.) Fauna of Ukraine. Vol. 1(1). Mammals. Kiev: Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR Publishing. P.229–446 [in Ukrainian].
• Amelichev G.N. 2008. [Skelskaya Cave: State of art of the study, problems of protection and use] // Speleology and karstology. Vol.1. P.94–99 [in Russian, with English summary].
• Amelichev G.N. & Klimchuk A.B. 2010. [Cave Syundyurlyu: the history of research, the ecological state and problems of protection] // Priroda. Vol.61. No.1. P.10–19 [in Russian].
• Bednarskaya E.V. & Dulitsky A.I. 2015. [The Great horseshoe bat Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Schreber, 1774)] // Ivanov S.P. & Fateryga A.V. (eds.) The Red Data Book of the Republic of Crimea. Animals. Simferopol: LLC “IT Arial”. P.370 [in Russian].
• Benda P., Ivanova T., Horáček I., Hanák V., Červený J., Gaisler J., Gueorguieva A., Petrov B. & Vohralík V. 2003. Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) of the eastern Mediterranean. Part 3. Review of bat distribution in Bulgaria. // Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae. Vol.67. No.4. P.245–357.
• Beskaravayny M.M. 2015. [Lesser horseshoe bat Rhinolophus hipposideros (Bechstein, 1800)] // Ivanov S.P. & Fateryga A.V. (eds.) The Red Data Book of the Republic of Crimea. Animals. Simferopol: LLC “IT Arial”. P.371 [in Russian].
• Bobkova O.A. 2003. [Distribution of ixodid ticks (Ixodoidea: Parasitiformes) — ectoparasites of bats (Chiroptera) in Ukraine] // Vestnik Zoologii. Vol.37. No.6. P.23–28 [in Russian, with English summary].
• Brauner A.A. 1911. [Bats of the Crimea] // Notes of the Crimean Society of Naturalists and Nature Lovers. Vol.1. P.1–13 [in Russian].
• Csorba G., Ujhelyi P. & Thomas N. 2003. Horseshoe bats of the world (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae). Shropshire: Alana Books, Bishop’s Castle. 160 p.
• Denisova E.V. & Amelichev G.N. 2005. [Ecological features of cave shelters of the Crimea’s chiropterofauna] // Bokov V.A., Gol’din P.E., Dulitsky A.I., Ena A.V., Prokopov G.A., Rudyk A.N. & Temirova S.I. (eds.) Materials of III scientific conference “Zapovedniki Kryma: zapovednoe delo, bioraznoobrazie, ekoobrazovanie”. Part II. Zoologiya bespozvonochnykh. Zoologiya pozvonochnykh. Ekologiya. Simferopol: KRA “Ecology and Peace”. P.126–130 [in Russian].
• Dietz C., Von Helversen O. & Nill D. 2009. Bats of Britain, Europe and Northwest Africa. London: Black Publisers Ltd. 400 p.
• Dulitsky A.I. & Kovalenko I.S. 2003. [Materials on the bats of Crimea in the zoological collections of Ukraine and Russia] // Voprosy razvitiya Kryma. Vol.15. P.197–210 [in Russian].
• Dushevsky V.P. & Stenko R.P. 1987. [Bats of karst cavities of the Mountainous Crimea and questions of their protection] // Klimchyuk A.B. (ed.). Abstracts of the V All-Union Conference of Speleology and Karstology “Problemy izucheniya, ekologii i okhrany peshcher”. Kiev: Kiev. P.117–118 [in Russian].
• Dulitsky A.I., Mikhailova A.E. & Stenko R.P. 2001. [The first records the Mediterranean and Mehely’s horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus mehelyi Matschie, 1901 and R. euryale Blasius, 1853; Chiroptera; Rhinolophidae) in the territory of Ukraine] // Dulitsky A.I., Popov V.N., Ena A.V. & Artov A.M. (eds.) Materials of republican conference “Zapovedniki Kryma na rubezhe tysyacheletiy”. Simferopol: Simferopol. P.32–34 [in Russian].
• Gazaryan S.V. 2007. [New records of the Mediterranean horseshoe bat Rhinolophus euryale from Russia] // Plecotus et al. Vol.10. P.47–50 [in Russian, with English summary].
• Gazaryan S.V. & Ivanitsky A.N. 2005. [On the faunal and taxonomic status of the Mediterranean horseshoe bat Rhinolophus euryale in the West Transcaucasia] // Plecotus et al. Vol.8. P.54–61 [in Russian, with English summary].
• Godlevskaya E.V., Ghazali M.A. & Postawa T. 2009. [Current state of troglophilic bats (Mammalia, Chiroptera) of the Crimea] // Vestnik zoologii. Vol.43. No.3. P.253–265 [in Russian, with English summary].
• Ivanitsky A.N. 2015. To biology and phenology of troglophilous bats of Abkhazia // Plecotus et al. Vol.18. P.26–33 [in Russian, with English summary].
• Ivanitsky A.N. 2017. [Ecological and faunistic characteristics of bats (Chiroptera) of the fauna of Abkhazia and adjacent territories]. Avtoreferat na soiskanie uchenoi stepeni kandidata biologicheskikh nauk. Tolyatti. 19 p. [in Russian]
• Ivanitsky A.N. & Smirnov D.G. 2016. [Horseshoe bats (Rhinolophidae, Chiroptera) of Abkhazia and adjacent territories: distribution, wintering, reproduction] // University Proceedings. Volga Region. Natural Sciences. Vol.1. P.3–13 [in Russian, with English summary].
• Heymer A. 1964. Résultats du baguage de chauves-souris dans les Pyrénées-orientales de 1945, 1959 // Vie et Milieu. Série A. Vol.15. No.3. P.765–799.
• Konstantinov A.I., Vshivkov F.N. & Dulitsky A.I. 1976. [Current state of fauna of bats of the Crimea] // Zoologicheskii Zhurnal. Vol.55. No.6. P.885–892 [in Russian, with English summary].
• Lebedev N.D. 1912. [Caves of Crimea] // Notes of the Crimean-Caucasian Mountain Club. Vol.2. No.1. P.2–12 [in Russian].
• Lebedev N.D. 1914. [Crimean caves and their fauna] // Zapiski Krymsko-Kavkazskogo gornogo kluba. Vol.2. No.2. P.3–28 [in Russian].
• Matyushkin B. 2010a. [Studies in the cave of Karan-Koba] // Svet. Vol.36. No.1. P.44–45 [in Russian].
• Matyushkin B. 2010b. [From the detachment of tailed amphibians] // Svet. Vol.36. No.1. P.48–52 [in Russian].
• Matyushkin B. 2012. [Observation of the centipede-bone of the order Lithobiomorpha (Myriapoda, Chilopoda) in the caves of the Ai-Petri massif (Mountain Crimea)] // Svet. Vol.38. No.1. P.98–107 [in Russian].
• Nagy Z.L. & Postawa T. 2010. Seasonal and geographical distribution of cave-dwelling bats in Romania: implications for conservation // Animal Conservation. Vol.14. P.1–13.
• Orlova M.V. & Orlov O.L. 2018. [Contribution to the bat ectoparasite fauna (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae, Rhinolophidae) of Crimea] // Parazitologiya. Vol.52. No.2. P.110–117 [in Russian].
• Panyutin K.K. & Borissenko A.V. 2001. [Lesser horseshoe bat — Rhinolophus hipposideros (Bechstein, 1800)] // Danilow-Daniljan V.I. et al. (eds.) Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (Animals). Moscow: AST & Astrel’. P.607–608 [in Russian].
• Panyutin K.K. & Kruskop S.V. 2001. [The Great horseshoe bat — Rhinolophus ferrumequinum (Schreber, 1774)] // Danilow-Daniljan V.I. et al. (eds.) Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (Animals). Moscow: AST & Astrel’. P.609–610 [in Russian].
• Rakhmatulina I.K. 2005. [Bats of Azerbaijan (fauna, ecology, zoogeography)]. Baku: Institute of Zoology of NAS of Azerbaijan. 480 p. [in Russian]
• Ševčík M., Benda P. & Uhrin M. 2011. First records of the bat fly Phthiridium biarticulatum (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) in Crimea // Vespertilio. Vol.15. P.159–160.
• Simmons N.B. 2005. Order Chiroptera // Wilson D.E. & Reeder D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. Vol.1. P.325–529.
• Turbanov I.S., Oksinenko P.V. & Kukushkin O.V. 2015. [On the findings of reptiles in the karst cavities of the Mountain Crimea] // Turbanov I.S., Marin I.N. & Gongalsky K.B. (eds.) Proceedings of the All-Russian Youth Conference “Biospeleologiya Kavkaza i drugikh rayonov Rossii” (Moscow, December 3–4, 2015). Kostroma: Kostroma Printing House. P.90–94 [in Russian, with English summary].
• Vshivkov F.N. 1963. [Gamazic mites of bats of Crimea] // Pogrebn L.P. (ed.) Materials of the IV Conference of parasitologists of the Ukrainian SSR “Problems of Parasitology”. Kiev: Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. P.324–326 [in Russian].
• Zagorodniuk I.V. 1999. Taxonomy, biogeography and abundance of the horseshoe bats in the Eastern Europe // Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia. Vol.42. No.3. P.407–421.